The campaign of 1759 opened on the
3rd of July with an attack commanded by Smeaton in
person in the old Buss.
Previous to this, on March 21st, the
coast was visited by a gale of such severity that
immense mischief was done on shore. Ships in
the port, houses, etcetera, at Plymouth, were greatly
damaged; nevertheless, the unfinished tower out upon
the exposed Eddystone reef stood fast, having defied
the utmost fury of winds and waves.
It was found, however, that some loss
had been sustained, the buoy of the mooring chain,
as usual, was gone; but worse than that, one of the
stones left in the store-room, a mass which weighed
four and a half hundredweight, was missing.
It had been washed out of the store-room entry by
the water!
This was a serious loss, as it obliged
the men to retire to the Buss, where they were
constrained to spin yarns and twirl their thumbs in
idleness till the lost stone was replaced by another.
Then they went to work according to custom “with
a will,” and, on the 21st of July, completed
the second floor; a whole room with a vaulted roof
having been built in seven days.
At this point they proceeded to fit
in the entry and store-room doors; and here another
vexatious check appeared imminent. It was found
that the block-tin with which the door-hooks were
to be fastened had been forgotten!
Doubtless Mr Smeaton felt inclined
to emulate the weather by “storming” on
this occasion, but that would have been of no use.
Neither was it of any avail that Teddy Maroon scratched
his head and wrinkled his visage like that of a chimpanzee
monkey. The tin was not; the hooks would
not hold without it, and to send ashore for it would
have involved great delay. Mr Smeaton proved
equal to the occasion.
“Off with you, lads, to the
Buss,” he cried, “and bring hither
every pewter plate and dish on board.”
“Think o’ that now!”
exclaimed Maroon his wrinkles expanding into a bland
smile of admiration.
“Don’t think of it, but
do it,” returned Smeaton, with a laugh.
The thing was done at once.
The “plate” of the Buss was melted
down and mixed with lead, the hooks were fixed into
the jambs, and the doors were hung in triumph.
Solid doors they were too; not slender things with
wooden panels, but thick iron-plated affairs somewhat
resembling the armour of a modern ship-of-war, and
fitted to defy the ocean’s most powerful battering-rams.
Progress thereafter was steady and
rapid. There were points here and there in the
work which served as landmarks. On the 6th of
August Smeaton witnessed a strange sight-a
bright halo round the top of the building. It
was no miracle, though it looked like one. Doubtless
some scientific men could give a satisfactory explanation
of it, and prove that it was no direct interposition
of the hand of God. So could they give a satisfactory
account of the rainbow, though the rainbow is
a direct sign to man. Whatever the cause, there
the glory circled like a sign of blessing on the work,
and a fitting emblem of the life-giving, because death-warding,
beams which were soon to be sent streaming from that
tower by the hand of man.
Three days afterwards they began to
lay the balcony floor; on the 17th the main column
was completed, and on the 26th the masonry was finished.
It only remained that the lantern should be set up.
But this lantern was a mighty mass of metal and glass,
made with great care, and of immense strength and
weight. Of course it had to be taken off to the
rock in pieces, and we may almost say of course
the ocean offered opposition. Then, as if everything
had conspired to test the endurance and perseverance
of the builders, the first and second coppersmiths
fell ill on the 4th September. Skilled labour
such as theirs could not readily be replaced in the
circumstances, and every hour of the now far advanced
season had become precious. Smeaton had set his
heart on “showing a light” that year.
In this difficulty, being a skilled mechanic himself,
he threw off his coat and set to work with the men.
The materials of the lantern were
landed on the 16th and fitted together, and the cupola
was hoisted to its place on the 17th. This latter
operation was extremely hazardous, the cupola being
upwards of half a ton in weight, and it had to be
raised outside the building and kept carefully clear
of it the while. It seemed as if the elements
themselves favoured this critical operation, or rather,
as though they stood aghast and breathlessly still,
while this, the crowning evidence of their defeat,
was being put on. It was accomplished in less
than half an hour, and, strange to say, no sooner
was the tackling loosed and the screws that held the
cupola fixed, than up got wind and sea once more in
an uproarious gale of consternation from the east!
On the 18th a huge gilt ball was screwed
on the top by Smeaton’s own hand, and thus the
building of the Eddystone lighthouse was finished.
There still remained, however, a good
deal of copper and wood-work to be done in the interior,
but there was now no doubt in Smeaton’s mind
that the light would be exhibited that season.
He therefore removed his bed and stores from the
Buss to the lighthouse, and remained there,
the better to superintend the completion of the work.
One evening he looked into the upper
storeroom, where some bars were being heated over
a charcoal fire. He became giddy with the fumes,
staggered, and fell down insensible. Assuredly
poor Smeaton’s labours would have terminated
then and there if it had not been that one of the
men had providentially followed him. A startled
cry was heard-one of those cries full of
meaning which cause men to leap half involuntarily
to the rescue.
“Och! somebody’s kilt,”
cried Maroon, flinging away his pipe and springing
up the staircase, followed by others, “wather!
wather! look alive there!”
Some bore Smeaton to the room below,
and others ran down for sea-water, which they dashed
over their master unmercifully. Whether or not
it was the best treatment we cannot say, but it sufficed,
for Smeaton soon recovered consciousness and found
himself lying like a half drowned rat on the stone
floor.
At last, on the 1st of October, the
lantern was lighted for trial during the day, with
24 candles. They burned well though a gale was
blowing. On the 4th an express was sent to the
Corporation of the Trinity House to say that all was
ready. A short delay was made to allow of the
lighting-up being advertised, and finally, on the 16th
of October 1759, the new Eddystone lighthouse cast
its first benignant rays over the troubled sea.
It chanced on that day that an appropriate
storm raged, as if to inaugurate the great event.
Owing to this, Smeaton could not get off to be at
the lighting-up of his own building. From the
shore, however, he beheld its initiative gleam as
it opened its bright eye to the reality of its grand
position, and we can well believe that his hardy,
persevering spirit exulted that night over the success
of his labours. We can well believe, also, that
there was in him a deeper and higher feeling than
that of mere joy, if we may judge of the cast of his
mind by the inscriptions put by him upon his work
during progress and at completion.
Round the upper store-room, on the
course under the ceiling, he chiselled the words:-
“Except the Lord build the house,
they labour in vain that build it.”
And on the last stone set, over the
door of the lantern, was carved:-
“Praise God!”
The lighthouse, thus happily completed,
rose to a height of seventy feet, and consisted of
forty-six courses of masonry. The internal arrangements
will be understood at once by reference to our engraving,
which exhibits a section of the tower. There
was first the solid part, 35 feet in height and 16
feet 8 inches in diameter at the top, the base being
much wider. Then came the still very solid portion
with the entrance-door and the spiral staircase.
Above that, the first store-room, which had no windows.
Next, the second store-room, with two windows.
Next the kitchen, followed by the bed-room, both of
which had four windows; and, last, the lantern.
The rooms were 12 feet 4 inches in diameter, with
walls 2 feet 2 inches thick, and the whole fabric,
from top to bottom, was so dovetailed, trenailed, cemented,
inter-connected, and bound together, that it formed
and still continues, a unique and immoveable mass
of masonry.
There were others besides Smeaton
who watched, that night, with deep interest the opening
of the Eddystone’s bright eye.
In a humble apartment in the village
of Cawsand Bay an aged man stood, supported by an
elderly man, at a window, gazing seaward with an expression
of intense expectation, while a very aged woman sat
crooning over the fire, holding the hand of a fair
girl just verging on early womanhood.
“D’ee see it yet, Tommy?” asked
the old man, eagerly.
“No, not yet,” replied Tommy, “not-yes-there !”
“Ah! that’s it, I see
it,” cried old John Potter, with a faint gleam
of his old enthusiasm. “There it goes,
brighter than ever. A blessed light, and much
wanted, Tommy, much, much wanted.”
He leaned heavily on his son’s
arm and, after gazing for some time, asked to be taken
back to his chair opposite old Martha.
“What is it?” inquired
Martha, bending her ear towards a pretty little mouth.
“Grandfather has just seen the
new Eddystone lighted up for the first time,”
replied Nora.
“Ay, ay,” said Martha
in a moralising tone, as she turned her eyes towards
the fire, “ay, ay, so soon! I always had
a settled conviction that that lighthouse would be
burnt.”
“It’s not burnt,
grannie,” said Nora, smiling, “it’s
only lighted up.”
“Well, well, my dear,”
returned Martha, with a solemn shake of the head,
“there an’t much difference atween lighted-up
an’ burnt-up. It’s just as I always
said to your father, my dear-to your grandfather
I mean- depend upon it, John, I used to
say, that light’ouse will either be burnt up
or blowed over. Ay, ay, dear me!”
She subsided into silent meditation,
and thus, good reader, we shall bid her farewell,
merely remarking that she and her honest husband did
not die for a considerable time after that.
As she grew older and blinder, old Martha became more
and more attached to the Bible and the dictionary,
as well as to dear good blooming Nora, who assisted
her in the perusal of the former, her sweet ringing
voice being the only one at last that the old woman
could hear. But although it was evident that
Martha had changed in many ways, her opinions remained
immoveable. She feebly maintained these, and
held her “settled convictions” to the last
gasp.
As for Teddy Maroon, he returned to
Ireland after the lighthouse was finished and quietly
got married, and settled on the margin of the bog
where the Teddy from whom he sprang still lingered,
among his numerous descendants, the life of his juvenile
kindred, and an oracle on lighthouses.
Time with its relentless scythe at
last swept all the actors in our tale away: Generations
after them came and went. The world grew older
and more learned; whether more wise is still an open
question! Knowledge increased, science and art
advanced apace. Electricity, steam, iron, gold,
muscle, and brain, all but wrought miracles, and almost
everything underwent change more or less; but, amid
all the turmoil of the world’s progress and
all the storms of elemental strife, one object remained
unaltered, and apparently unalterable-the
Eddystone Lighthouse! True, indeed, its lantern
underwent vast improvements, the Argand lamp and lens
replacing the old candle, and causing its crown to
shine with a whiter light and an intensified glory
as it grew older, but as regards its sturdy frame,
there it has stood on the rugged rocks amid the tormented
surges, presenting its bold and battered, but undamaged,
front to the utmost fury of blast and billow for upwards
of a hundred years.