“The king’s son have I landed by himself;
    Whom I left cooling of the air with sighs
    In an odd angle of the isle, and sitting,
    His arms in this sad knot.”

    Tempest.

Having completed this first examination of the crater, Mark and Bob next picked their way again to the summit of its wall, and took their seats directly over the arch.  Here they enjoyed as good a look-out as the little island afforded, not only of its own surface, but of the surrounding ocean.  Mark now began to comprehend the character of the singular geological formation, into the midst of which the Rancocus had been led, as it might almost be by the hand of Providence itself.  He was at that moment seated on the topmost pinnacle of a submarine mountain of volcanic origin ­submarine as to all its elevations, heights and spaces, with the exception of the crater where he had just taken his stand, and the little bit of visible and venerable lava, by which it was surrounded.  It is true that this lava rose very near the surface of the ocean, in fifty places that he could see at no great distance, forming the numberless breakers that characterized the place; but, with the exception of Mark’s Reef, as Bob named the principal island on the spot, two or three detached islets within a cable’s-length of it, and a few little more remote, the particular haunts of birds, no other land was visible, far or near.

As Mark sat there, on that rock of concrete ashes, he speculated on the probable extent of the shoals and reefs by which he was surrounded.  Judging by what he then saw, and recalling the particulars of the examination made from the cross-trees of the ship, he supposed that the dangers and difficulties of the navigation must extend, in an east and west direction, at least twelve marine leagues; while, in a north and south, the distance seemed to be a little, and a very little less.  There was necessarily a good deal of conjecture in this estimate of the extent of the volcanic mountain which composed these extensive shoals; but, from what he saw, from the distance the ship was known to have run amid the dangers before she brought up, her present anchorage, the position of the island, and all the other materials before him to make his calculation on, Mark believed himself rather to have lessened than to have exaggerated the extent of these shoals.  Had the throes of the earth, which produced this submerged rock, been a little more powerful, a beautiful and fertile island, of very respectable dimensions, would probably have been formed in its place.

From the time of reaching the reef, which is now to bear his name in all future time, our young seaman had begun to admit the bitter possibility of being compelled to pass the remainder of his days on it.  How long he and his companion could find the means of subsistence in a place so barren, was merely matter of conjecture; but so long as Providence should furnish these means, was it highly probable that solitary and little-favoured spot was to be their home.  It is unnecessary to state with what bitter regrets the young bridegroom admitted this painful idea; but Mark was too manly and resolute to abandon himself to despair, even at such a moment.  He kept his sorrows pent up in the repository of his own bosom, and endeavoured to imitate the calm exterior of his companion.  As for Bob, he was a good deal of a philosopher by nature and, having made up his mind that they were doomed to ’Robinson Crusoe it,’ for a few years at least, he was already turning over in his thoughts the means of doing so to the best advantage.  Under such circumstances, and with such feelings, it is not at all surprising that their present situation and their future prospects soon became the subject of discourse, between these two solitary seamen.

“We are fairly in for it, Mr. Mark,” said Bob, “and differ from Robinson only in the fact that there are two of us; whereas he was obliged to set up for himself, and by himself, until he fell in with Friday!”

“I wish I could say that was the only difference in our conditions, Betts, but it is very far from being so.  In the first place he had an island, while we have little more than a reef; he had soil, while we have naked rock; he had fresh water, and we have none; he had trees, while we have not even a spear of grass.  All these circumstances make out a case most desperately against us.”

“You speak truth, sir; yet is there light ahead.  We have a ship, sound and tight as the day she sailed; while Robinson lost his craft under his feet.  As long as there is a plank afloat, a true salt never gives up.”

“Ay, Bob, I feel that, as strongly as you can yourself; nor do I mean to give up, so long as there is reason to think God has not entirely deserted us.  But that ship is of no use, in the way of returning to our friends and home; or, of no use as a ship.  The power of man could scarcely extricate her from the reefs around her.”

“It’s a bloody bad berth,” said Bob, squirting the saliva of his tobacco half-way down the wall of the crater, “that I must allow.  Howsomever, the ship will be of use in a great many ways, Mr. Mark, if we can keep her afloat, even where she is.  The water that’s in her will last us two a twelvemonth, if we are a little particular about it; and when the rainy season sets in, as the rainy season will be sure to do in this latitude, we can fill up for a fresh start.  Then the ship will be a house for us to live in, and a capital good house, too.  You can live aft, sir, and I’ll take my swing in the forecastle, just as if nothing had happened.”

“No, no, Bob; there is an end of all such distinctions now.  Misery, like the grave, brings all upon a level.  You and I commenced as messmates, and we are likely to end as messmates.  There is a use to which the ship may be put, however, that you have not mentioned, and to which we must look forward as our best hope for this world.  She may be broken up by us, and we may succeed in building a craft large enough to navigate these mild seas, and yet small enough to be taken through, or over the reefs.  In that way, favoured by Divine Providence, we may live to see our friends again.”

“Courage, Mr. Mark, courage, sir.  I know it must be hard on the feelin’s of a married man, like yourself, that has left a parfect pictur’ behind him, to believe he is never to return to his home again.  But I don’t believe that such is to be our fate.  I never heard of such an end to a Crusoe party.  Even Robinson, himself, got off at last, and had a desperate hard journey of it, after he hauled his land-tacks aboard.  I like that idée of the new craft ’specially well, and will lend a hand to help you through with it with all my heart.  I’m not much of a carpenter, it’s true; nor do I suppose you are anything wonderful with the broad-axe and adze; but two willing and stout men, who has got their lives to save, can turn their hands to almost anything.  For my part, sir, since I was to be wrecked and to Robinson it awhile, I’m gratefully thankful that I’ve got you for a companion, that’s all!”

Mark smiled at this oblique compliment, but he felt well assured that Bob meant all for the best.  After a short pause, he resumed the discourse by saying ­

“I have been thinking, Bob, of the possibility of getting the ship safely down as far as this island.  Could we but place her to leeward of that last reef off the weather end of the island, she might lie there years, or until she fell to pieces by decay.  If we are to attempt building a decked boat, or anything large enough to ride out a gale in, we shall want more room than the ship’s decks to set it up in.  Besides, we could never get a craft of those dimensions off the ship’s decks, and must, of necessity, build it in some place where it may be launched.  Our dingui would never do to be moving backward and forward, so great a distance, for it will carry little more than ourselves.  All things considered, therefore, I am of opinion we can do nothing better to begin with, than to try to get the ship down here, where we have room, and may carry out our plans to some advantage.”

Bob assented at once to this scheme, and suggested one or two ideas in approbation of it, that were new even to Mark.  Thus, it was evident to both, that if the ship herself were ever to get clear of the reef, it must be by passing out to leeward; and by bringing her down to the island so much would be gained on the indispensable course.  Thus, added Bob, she might be securely moored in the little bay to windward of the island; and, in the course of time it was possible that by a thorough examination of the channels to the westward, and by the use of buoys, a passage might be found, after all, that would carry them out to sea.  Mark had little hope of ever getting the Rancocus extricated from the maze of rocks into which she had so blindly entered, and where she probably never could have come but by driving over some of them; but he saw many advantages in this plan of removing the ship, that increased in number and magnitude the more he thought on the subject.  Security to the fresh water was one great object to be attained.  Should it come on to blow, and the ship drift down upon the rocks to leeward of her, she would probably go to pieces in an hour or two, when not only all the other ample stores that she contained, but every drop of sweet water at the command of the two seamen, would inevitably be lost.  So important did it appear to Mark to make sure of a portion of this great essential, at least, that he would have proposed towing down to the reef, or island, a few casks, had the dingui been heavy enough to render such a project practicable.  After talking over these several points still more at large, Mark and Bob descended from the summit of the crater, made half of its circuit, and returned to their boat.

As the day continued calm, Mark was in no hurry, but passed half an hour in sounding the little bay that was formed by the sunken rocks that lay off the eastern, or weather end of the Crater Reef, as, in a spirit of humility, he insisted on calling that which everybody else now calls Mark’s Reef.  Here he not only found abundance of water for all he wanted, but to his surprise he also found a sandy bottom, formed no doubt by the particles washed from the surrounding rocks under the never-ceasing abrasion of the waves.  On the submerged reef there were only a few inches of water, and our mariners saw clearly that it was possible to secure the ship in this basin, in a very effectual manner, could they only have a sufficiency of good weather in which to do it.

After surveying the basin, itself, with sufficient care, Bob pulled the dingui back towards the ship, Mark sounding as they proceeded.  But two difficulties were found between the points that it was so desirable to bring in communication with each other.  One of these difficulties consisted in a passage between two lines of reef, that ran nearly parallel for a quarter of a mile, and which were only half a cable’s-length asunder.  There was abundance of water between these reefs, but the difficulty was in the course, and in the narrowness of the passage.  Mark passed through the latter four several times, sounding it, as it might be, foot by foot, and examining the bottom with the eye; for, in that pellucid water, with the sun near the zenith, it was possible to see two or three fathoms down, and nowhere did he find any other obstacle than this just mentioned.  Nor was any buoy necessary, the water breaking over the southern end of the outer, and over the northern end of the inner ledge, and nowhere else near by, thus distinctly noting the very two points where it would be necessary to alter the course.

The second obstacle was much more serious than that just described.  It was a reef with a good deal of water over most of it; so much, indeed, that the sea did not break unless in heavy gales, but not enough to carry a ship like the Rancocus over, except in one, and that a very contracted pass, of less than a hundred feet in width.  This channel it would be indispensably necessary to buoy, since a variation from the true course of only a few fathoms would infallibly produce the loss of the ship.  All the rest of the distance was easily enough made by a vessel standing down, by simply taking care not to run into visible breakers.

Mark and Bob did not get back to the Rancocus until near three o’clock.  They found everything as they had left it, and the pigs, poultry and goat, glad enough to see them, and beginning to want their victuals and drink.  The two first are to be found on board of every ship, but the last is not quite so usual.  Captain Crutchely had brought one along to supply milk for his tea, a beverage that, oddly enough, stood second only to grog in his favour.  After Bob had attended to the wants of the brute animals, he and Mark, again sat down on the windlass to make another cold repast on broken meat ­as yet, they had not the hearts to cook anything.  As soon as this homely meal was taken Mark placed a couple of buoys in the dingui, with the pig-iron that was necessary to anchor them, and proceeded to the spot on the reef, where it was proposed to place them.

Our mariners were quite an hour in searching for the channel, and near another in anchoring the buoys in a way to render the passage perfectly safe.  As soon as this was done, Bob pulled back to the ship, which was less than a mile distant, as fast as he could, for there was every appearance of a change of weather.  The moment was one, now, that demanded great coolness and decision.  Not more than an hour of day remained, and the question was whether to attempt to move the ship that night, when the channel and its marks were all fresh in the minds of the two seamen, and before the foul weather came, or to trust to the cable that was down to ride out any blow that might happen.  Mark, young as he was, thought justly on most professional subjects.  He knew that heavy rollers would come in across the reef where the vessel then lay, and was fearful that the cable would chafe and part, should it come on to blow hard for four-and-twenty hours continually.  These rollers, he also knew by the observation of that day, were completely broken and dispersed on the rocks, before they got down to the island, and he believed the chances of safety much greater by moving the ship at once, than by trying the fortune of another night, out where she then lay.  Bob submitted to this decision precisely as if Mark was still his officer, and no sooner got his orders than he sprang from sail to sail, and rope to rope, like a cat playing among the branches of some tree.  In that day, spensers were unknown, staysails doing their duty.  Thus Bob loosed the jib, main-topmast and mizen-staysails, and saw the spanker clear for setting.  While he was thus busied, Mark was looking to the stopper and shank-painter of the sheet-anchor, which had been got ready to let go, before Captain Crutchely was lost.  He even succeeded in getting that heavy piece of metal a cock-bill, without calling on Bob for assistance.

It was indeed time for them to be in a hurry; for the wind began to come in puffs, the sun was sinking into a bank of clouds, and all along the horizon to windward the sky looked dark and menacing.  Once Mark changed his mind, determining to hold on, and let go the sheet-anchor where he was, should it become necessary; but a lull tempted him to proceed.  Bob shouted out that all was ready, and Mark lifted the axe with which he was armed, and struck a heavy blow on the cable.  That settled the matter; an entire strand was separated, and three or four more blows released the ship from her anchor.  Mark now sprang to the jib-halliards, assisting Bob to hoist the sail.  This was no sooner done than he went aft to the wheel, where he arrived in time to help the ship to fall off.  The spanker was next got out as well as two men could do it in a hurry, and then Bob went forward to tend the jib-sheet, and to look out for the buoys.

It was indispensable in such a navigation to make no mistake, and Mark enjoined the utmost vigilance on his friend.  Twenty times did he hail to inquire if the buoys were to be seen, and at last he was gratified by an answer in the affirmative.

“Keep her away, Mr. Mark ­keep her away, you may, sir; we are well to windward of the channel.  Ay, that’ll do, Mr. Woolston ­that’s your beauty, sir.  Can’t you get a sight of them b’ys yourself, sir?”

“Not just yet, Bob, and so much the greater need that you should look out the sharper.  Give the ship plenty of room, and I’ll let her run down for the passage, square for the channel.”

Bob now ran aft, telling the mate he had better go on the forecastle himself and conn the ship through the passage, which was a place he did not like.  Mark was vexed that the change should be made just at that critical instant, but bounding forward, he was between the knight-heads in half a minute, looking out for the buoys.  At first, he could not see them; and then he most felt the imprudence of Bob’s quitting his post in such a critical instant.  In another minute, however, he found one; and presently the other came in sight, fearfully close, as, it now appeared to our young mariner, to its neighbour.  The position of the ship, nevertheless, was sufficiently to windward, leaving plenty of room to keep off in.  As soon as the ship was far enough ahead, Mark called out to Bob to put his helm hard up.  This was done, and away the Rancocus went, Mark watching her with the utmost vigilance, lest she should sheer a little too much to the one side or to the other.  He hardly breathed as the vessel glided down upon these two black sentinels, and, for an instant, he fancied the wind or the current had interfered with their positions.  It was now too late, however, to attempt any change, and Mark saw the ship surging onward on the swells of the ocean, which made their way thus far within the reefs, with a greater intensity of anxiety than he had ever before experienced in his life.  Away went the ship, and each time she settled in the water, our young man expected to hear her keel grating on the bottom, but it did not touch.  Presently the buoys were on her quarters, and then Mark knew that the danger of this one spot was passed!

The next step was to find the southern end of the outer ledge that formed the succeeding passage.  This was not done until the ship was close aboard of it.  A change had come over the spot within the last few hours, in consequence of the increase of wind, the water breaking all along the ledge, instead of on its end only; but Mark cared not for this, once certain he had found that end.  He was now half-way between his former anchorage and the crater, and he could distinguish the latter quite plainly.  But sail was necessary to carry the ship safely through the channel ahead, and Mark called to Bob to lash the helm a-midships after luffing up to his course, and to spring to the main-topmast staysail halliards, and help him hoist the sail.  This was soon done, and the new sail was got up, and the sheet hauled aft.  Next followed the mizen staysail, which was spread in the same manner.  Bob then flew to the wheel, and Mark to his knight-heads again.  Contrary to Mark’s apprehensions, he saw that the ship was luffing up close to the weather ledge, leaving little danger of her going on to it.  As soon as met by the helm, however, she fell off, and Mark no longer had any doubt of weathering the northern end of the inner ledge of this passage.  The wind coming in fresher puffs, this was soon done, when the ship was kept dead away for the crater.  There was the northern end of the reef, which formed the inner basin of all, to double, when that which remained to do was merely to range far enough within the reef to get a cover, and to drop the anchor.  In order to do this with success, Mark now commenced hauling down the jib.  By the time he had that sail well in, the ship was off the end of the sunken reef, when Bob put his helm a-starboard and rounded it.  Down came the main-topmast staysail, and Mark jumped on the forecastle, while he called out to Bob to lash the helm a-lee.  In an instant Bob was at the young man’s side, and both waited for the ship to luff into the wind, and to forge as near as possible to the reef.  This was successfully done also, and Mark let go the stopper within twenty feet of the wall of the sunken reef, just as the ship began to drive astern.  The canvas was rolled up and secured, the cable payed out, until the ship lay just mid-channel between the island and the sea-wall without, and the whole secured.  Then Bob took off his tarpaulin and gave three cheers, while Mark walked aft, silently returning thanks to God for the complete success of this important movement.

Important most truly was this change.  Not only was the ship anchored, with her heaviest anchor down, and her best cable out, in good holding ground, and in a basin where very little swell ever penetrated, and that entering laterally and diminished in force; but there she was within a hundred and fifty feet of the island, at all times accessible by means of the dingui, a boat that it would not do to trust in the water at all outside when it blew in the least fresh.  In short, it was scarcely possible to have a vessel in a safer berth, so long as her spars and hull were exposed to the gales of the ocean, or one that was more convenient to those who used the island.  By getting down her spars and other hamper, the power of the winds would be much lessened, though Mark felt little apprehension of the winds at that season of the year, so long as the sea could not make a long rake against the vessel.  He believed the ship safe for the present, and felt the hope of still finding a passage, through the reef to leeward, reviving in his breast.

Well might Mark and Bob rejoice in the great feat they had just performed.  That night it blew so heavily as to leave little doubt that the ship never could have been kept at her anchor, outside; and had she struck adrift in the darkness nothing could have saved them from almost immediate destruction.  The rollers came down in tremendous billows, breaking and roaring on all sides of the island, rendering the sea white with their foam, even at midnight; but, on reaching the massive, natural wall that protected the Rancocus, they dashed themselves into spray against it, wetting the vessel from her truck down, but doing her no injury.  Mark remained on deck until past twelve o’clock, when finding that the gale was already breaking, he turned in and slept soundly until morning.  As for Bob, he had taken his watch below early in the evening, and there he remained undisturbed until the appearance of day, when he turned out of his own accord.

Mark took another look at the sea, reefs and islands, from the main-topmast cross-trees of the ship, as she lay in her new berth.  Of course, the range of his vision was somewhat altered by this change of position, and especially did he see a greater distance to the westward, or towards the lee side of the reefs.  Nothing encouraging was made out, however; the young man rather inclining more to the opinion than he had ever done before, that the vessel could not be extricated from the rocks which surrounded her.  With this conviction strongly renewed, he descended to the deck, to share in the breakfast Bob had set about preparing, the moment he quitted his cat-tails; for Bob insisted on sleeping in the forecastle, though Mark had pressed him to take one of the cabin state-rooms.  This time the meal, which included some very respectable ship’s coffee, was taken on the cabin-table, the day being cloudless, and the sun’s rays possessing a power that made it unpleasant to sit long anywhere out of a shade.  While the meal was taken, another conversation was held touching their situation.

“By the manner in which it blew last night,” Mark observed, “I doubt if we should have had this comfortable cabin to eat in this morning, and these good articles to consume, had we left the ship outside until morning,”

“I look upon it as a good job well done, Mr. Mark,” answered Bob.  “I must own I had no great hopes of our ever getting here, but was willing to try it; for them rollers didn’t mind half-a-dozen reefs, but came tumbling in over them, in a way to threaten the old ’Cocus with being ground into powder.  For my part, sir, I thank God, from the bottom of my heart, that we are here.”

“You have reason to do so, Bob; and while we may both regret the misfortune that has befallen us, we had need remember how much better off we are than our shipmates, poor fellows! ­or how much better we are off than many a poor mariner who loses his vessel altogether.”

“Yes, the saving of the ship is a great thing for us.  We can hardly call this a shipwreck, Mr. Mark, though we have been ashore once; it is more like being docked, than anything else!”

“I have heard, before, of vessels being carried over reefs, and bars of rivers, into berths they could not quit,” answered Mark.  “But, reflect a moment, Bob, how much better our condition is, than if we had been washed down on this naked reef, with only such articles to comfort us, as could be picked up along shore from the wreck!”

“I’m glad to hear you talk in this rational way, Mr. Mark; for it’s a sign you do not give up, or take things too deeply to heart.  I was afeard that you might be thinking too much of Miss Bridget, and make yourself more unhappy than is necessary for a man who has things so comfortable around him.”

“The separation from my wife causes me much pain, Betts, but I trust in God.  It has been in his pleasure to place us in this extraordinary situation, and I hope that something good will come of it.”

“That’s the right sentiments, sir ­only keep such feelings uppermost, and we shall do right down well.  Why, we have water, in plenty, until after the rainy season shall be along, when we can catch a fresh supply.  Then, there is beef and pork enough betwixt decks to last you and me five or six years; and bread and flour in good quantities, to say nothing of lots of small stores, both forward and aft.”

“The ship is well found, and, as you say, we might live a long time, years certainly, on the food she contains.  There is, however, one thing to be dreaded, and to provide against which shall be my first care.  We are now fifty days on salted provisions, and fifty more will give us both the scurvy.”

“The Lord in his mercy protect me from that disease!” exclaimed Bob.  “I had it once, in an old v’y’ge round the Horn, and have no wish to try it ag’in, But there must be fish in plenty among these rocks, Mr. Mark, and we have a good stock of bread.  By dropping the beef and pork, for a few days at a time, might we not get shut of the danger?”

“Fish will help us, and turtle would be a great resource, could we meet with any of that.  But, man requires mixed food, meats and vegetables, to keep him healthy; and nothing is so good for the scurvy as the last.  The worst of our situation is a want of soil, to grow any vegetables in.  I did not see so much as a rush, or the coarsest sea-plant, when we were on the island yesterday.  If we had soil, there is seed in plenty on board, and this climate would bring forward vegetation at a rapid rate.”

“Ay, ay, sir, and I’ll tell you what I’ve got in the way of seeds, myself.  You may remember the delicious musk and watermelons we fell in with last v’y’ge, in the east.  Well, sir, I saved some of the seed, thinking to give it to my brother, who is a Jarsey farmer, you know, sir; and, sailor-like, I forgot it altogether, when in port.  If a fellow could get but a bit of earth to put them melon-seeds in, we might be eating our fruit like gentlemen, two months hence, or three months, at the latest.”

“That is a good thought, Betts, and we will turn it over in our minds.  If such a thing is to be done at all, the sooner it is done the better, that the melons maybe getting ahead while we are busy with the other matters.  This is just the season to put seed into the ground, and I think we might make soil enough to sustain a few hills of melons.  If I remember right, too, there are some of the sweet potatoes left.”

Bob assented, and during the rest of the meal they did nothing but pursue this plan of endeavouring to obtain half-a-dozen or a dozen hills of melons.  As Mark felt all the importance of doing everything that lay in his power to ward off the scurvy, and knew that time was not to be lost, he determined that the very first thing he would now attend to, would be to get all the seed into as much ground as he could contrive to make.  Accordingly, as soon as the breakfast was ended, Mark went to collect his seeds Bob set the breakfast things aside, after properly cleaning them.

There were four shoats on board, which had been kept in the launch, until that boat was put into the water, the night the Rancocus ran upon the rocks.  Since that time they had been left to run about the decks, producing a good deal of dirt, and some confusion.  These shoats Bob now caught, and dropped into the bay, knowing that their instinct would induce them to swim for the nearest land.  All this turned out as was expected, and the pigs were soon seen on the island, snuffing around on the rocks, and trying to root.  A small quantity of the excrement of these animals still lay on the deck, where it had been placed when the launch was cleaned for service, no one thinking at such a moment of cleaning the decks.  It had been washed by the sea that came aboard quite across the deck, but still formed a pile, and most of it was preserved.  This manure Mark was about to put in a half-barrel, in order to carry it ashore, for the purpose of converting it into soil, when Bob suddenly put an end to what he was about, by telling him that he knew where a manure worth two of that was to be found.  An explanation was asked and given.  Bob, who had been several voyages on the western coast of America, told Mark that the Peruvians and Chilians made great use of the dung of aquatic birds, as a manure, and which they found on the rocks that lined their coast.  Now two or three rocks lay near the reef, that were covered with this deposit, the birds still hovering about them, and he proposed to take the dingui, and go in quest of a little of that fertilizing manure.  A very little, he said, would suffice, the Spaniards using it in small quantities, but applying it at different stages in the growth of the plant.  It is scarcely necessary to say that Bob had fallen on a knowledge of the use of the article which is now so extensively known under the name of guano, in the course of his wanderings, and was enabled to communicate the fact to his companion.  Mark knew that Betts was a man of severe truth, and he was so much the more disposed to listen to his suggestion.  While our young mate was getting the boat ready, therefore, Bob collected his tools, provided himself with a bucket, passed the half-barrel, into which Mark had thrown the sweepings of the decks, into the dingui, and descended himself and took the sculls.  The two then proceeded to Bob’s rock, where, amid the screams of a thousand sea-birds, the honest fellow filled his bucket with as good guano as was ever found on the coast of Peru.

While the boat was at the rock, Mark saw that the pigs had run round to the western end of the island, snuffing at everything that came in their way, and trying in vain to root wherever one of them could insert his nose.  As a hog is a particularly sagacious animal, Mark kept his eyes on them while Bob was picking out his guano, in the faint hope that they might discover fresh water, by means of their instinct.  In this way he saw them enter the gate way of the crater, pigs being pretty certain to run their noses into any such place as that.

On landing, Mark took a part of the tools and the bucket of guano, while Bob shouldered the remainder, and they went up to the hole, and entered the crater together, having landed as near to the gate-way as they could get, with that object.  To Mark’s great delight he found that the pigs were now actually rooting with some success, so far as stirring the surface was concerned, though getting absolutely nothing for their pains.  There were spots on the plain of the crater, however, where it was possible, by breaking a sort of crust, to get down into coarse ashes that were not entirely without some of the essentials of soil.  Exposure to the air and water, with mixing up with sea-weed and such other waste materials as he could collect, the young man fancied would enable him to obtain a sufficiency of earthy substances to sustain the growth of plants.  While on the summit of the crater-wall, he had seen two or three places where it had struck him sweet-potatoes and beans might be made to grow, and he determined to ascend to those spots, and make his essay there, as being the most removed from the inroads of the pigs.  Could he only succeed in obtaining two or three hundred melons, he felt that a great deal would be done in providing the means of checking any disposition to scurvy that might appear in Bob or himself.  In this thoughtful manner did one so young look ahead, and make provision for the future.